The Evolution of Intellectual Property Rights in Ancient India and the Present Scenario Thereon - An Analysis

From Ancient times to present generation the evolution of Intellectual Property Rights reflects a complex interplay of historical, legal and economic factors balancing the need for innovation with public interest. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution, role, and contemporary relevance of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in protecting Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Globally. Tracing the origins of Intellectual Property from ancient India’s communal knowledge-sharing traditions to modern state-granted exclusive rights, it highlights the dynamic transition from cultural norms to formal legal frameworks. The article reviews the historical development of IPR, including Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, and Geographical Indications and India's journey in aligning its IPR laws with International Standards. The aim and objective of this article is to explore the role and functions of World Intellectual Property Organization and its relevance in development of contemporary legal frameworks and offering valuable perspectives on policy formulations and innovation management globally and in particular with respect to Indian Legal System. It also explores WIPO’s objectives, functions, and its collaborative role with member countries to promote innovation, resolve disputes, and facilitate Global Cooperation. The discussion emphasizes the importance of protecting traditional knowledge, addressing emerging challenges such as digital piracy, and upholding equitable rights among developed and developing nations. The article concludes with a call for enhanced efforts to safeguard indigenous knowledge and traditional inventions within the global IPR system, underscoring WIPO’s significance as a key institution for fostering creativity and innovation worldwide. It traces the historical context from ancient communal approaches, especially in India, to modern legal frameworks protecting innovation and creativity. The relevance of WIPO in fostering equitable intellectual property rights for all member nations is underscored. This includes an evaluation of India’s compliance with Global agreements such as TRIPS agreement and its role in shaping the country’s knowledge economy.