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Wired Antenna Arrays For 5G Applications in Cellular Base Stations: A Comparative Performance Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Akande. A

    (Department of Physics, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. Nigeria.)

  • Alade. M. O.

    (Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria)

  • Adewunmi. A. S.

    (Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.)

  • Aremu. O. A.

    (Department of Physics, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. Nigeria.)

Abstract

The deployment of fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks demands advanced antenna systems capable of delivering high gain, wide bandwidth, low return loss, and efficient beamforming. This article presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of wired antenna arrays specifically dipole arrays, Yagi-Uda arrays, and log-periodic dipole arrays (LPDAs) designed for 5G base station applications at 3.5 GHz. Using CST Microwave Studio simulations, single-element and multi-element configurations were evaluated against key performance metrics including return loss, VSWR, gain, directivity, bandwidth, and radiation pattern characteristics. The ten-element dipole array achieved a gain of 11.79 dBi with a narrow beamwidth of 16.4°, representing a 9.5 dB improvement over a single dipole. The ten-director Yagi-Uda demonstrated superior return loss (-25.22 dB) and gain (11.7 dBi) compared to the three-director version (8.9 dBi). The four-element LPDA array exhibited enhanced bandwidth (0.508 GHz) and improved VSWR (1.255) relative to its single-element counterpart. These findings provide quantitative guidelines for selecting optimal wired antenna configurations for specific 5G deployment scenarios.

Suggested Citation

  • Akande. A & Alade. M. O. & Adewunmi. A. S. & Aremu. O. A., 2026. "Wired Antenna Arrays For 5G Applications in Cellular Base Stations: A Comparative Performance Analysis," International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science, RSIS International, vol. 15(6), pages 2130-2149, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjf:ijltem:v:15:y:2026:i:6:a:2974
    DOI: 10.51583/IJLTEMAS.2026.150600153
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