Dynamic Analysis of a Motor–Generator Feedback System with Voltage Amplification: A Detailed Analysis

A self-coupled motor–generator feedback system is sometimes proposed as a method to sustain continuous power generation by feeding the electrical output of a generator back into the motor that drives it. In theory, if the output power equals or exceeds the input power, the system could operate continuously without external energy input. However, due to inefficiencies inherent in electrical machines and transformers, the total efficiency of such a system is always less than unity. This paper presents a detailed theoretical analysis of a motor–generator feedback loop and investigates whether the introduction of a step-up transformer can increase the feedback power sufficiently to sustain operation. Using energy conservation principles and efficiency models of the motor, generator, and transformer, it is demonstrated that the system cannot achieve self-sustained operation because total system losses always exceed any apparent voltage gain provided by a transformer.