A Computational Study of Hemodynamic Resistance in a Symmetrical Arterial Stenosis Under Magnetic Influence

This study presents a comprehensive computational analysis of blood flow resistance in a symmetrically stenosed artery under the influence of an external magnetic field—a scenario of growing clinical relevance due to the rising interest in magnetically assisted therapies. Modeling blood as a viscous, incompressible, and electrically conducting fluid with radially variable viscosity, the problem incorporates both geometric non-uniformity and magnetohydrodynamic effects through the inclusion of a transverse magnetic field. The governing equations, derived in cylindrical coordinates and non-dimensionalized using characteristic parameters, are solved using the Finite Difference Method, offering robust insights into velocity distributions and flow resistance. The results reveal that stenosis height alone significantly elevates resistance, while the presence of a magnetic field amplifies this effect nonlinearly, with higher field strengths causing pronounced suppression of axial velocity. Velocity profiles flatten and shear rates near the arterial wall intensify with increasing stenosis and magnetic influence, underscoring the synergistic impact of these parameters. This work not only advances our understanding of MHD- modulated hemodynamics but also provides a theoretical foundation for future biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery, vascular diagnostics, and therapeutic flow control.