Detection of Tetracycline Resistance Genes and Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Samples

The use of Antibiotics by humans for an extensive period of time has an impact not just on the disease being treated, but also on the microbial population in that environment. Antibiotic abuse in many developing nations have aided the emergence and widespread transmission of antibiotic resistant resistance genes in the environment. Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat diseases in both humans and animals. Tetracycline is regulated by tet genes, which are engaged in active drug efflux, ribosome protection, or enzymatic drug modification. The use of Tetracycline’s as a treatment option for treating oral and systemic disorders haves been limited due to the existence of these genes. Hence, this study aimed to detect tetracycline tet (A) and tet (B) resistance genes in bacterial isolated from clinical samples and to determine their susceptibility profile. An experimental design was used for this study. A total of forty human clinical isolates from blood, urine, throat, wound, and sputum were randomly selected for this study. The isolates were collected and sub-cultured in nutrient broth for analysis and PCR was used for the detection of genes. The result showed that antibiotics resistant genes were present in the all of the isolates. However, tetB had the highest occurrence (91.6%) of than tetA (8.4%). All the isolates showed high resistant to the various antibiotics including ceftazidime, cefuroxime, gentamicin, ofloxacin, amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, cefixime, and ciprofloxacin. This could be due to the frequent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in clinical settings which have led to the development of antibiotic resistant strains among bacteria. Antibiotics resistant genes (tetA & tetB) are present in bacteria isolated from clinical setting and may become a serious public health concern when these genes are transferred among organisms that affect both humans and animals. Hence, preventative measures should be employed to reduce the diffusion of these genes in the clinical setting since they present a serious public health concern when they are transferred among organisms that affect both humans and animals.