Age-Stratified Prevalence of Malaria and Ascariasis Co-Infection in Akungba- Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria

Co-infection with malaria and ascariasis poses a significant public health concern, especially in regions where both parasites are endemic. These infections disproportionately affect vulnerable populations such as children, where the impact of co-infection can be more severe due to compromised immunity and increased environmental exposure. This study assessed the prevalence and age-specific distribution of Malaria and Ascaris lumbricoides co-infections among 200 individuals aged 3 to 26 years in Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria. Participants were categorized into six age brackets: 3–6, 7–10, 11–14, 15–18, 19–22, and 23–26 years. Malaria infection was diagnosed using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), while stool samples were collected and analyzed using the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration method for detecting A. lumbricoides. Statistical analysis using chi-square tests was performed to determine variations in co-infection rates across age groups. An overall co-infection prevalence of 11% was recorded, with the highest rate (30.0%) observed among children aged 3–6 years. A significant association was found between age and co-infection prevalence (χ² = 16.97, p = 0.005), indicating a strong age-related susceptibility pattern. These findings emphasize the critical need for targeted, age-specific public health interventions, including deworming programs, malaria prevention, improved sanitation, and health education. Such efforts are especially essential for younger children in endemic areas to reduce the burden and long-term impact of these co-existing parasitic diseases.