Retrofitting a Three-Wheeler into a Solar-Assisted Electric Vehicle: A Sustainable Solution for Urban Mobility

This research investigates the feasibility of converting a traditional three-wheeler into a fully electric vehicle equipped with an on-board solar charging system. The project aimed to address environmental concerns associated with internal combustion engines and promote sustainable transportation. The conversion process involved replacing the existing engine and fuel-related components with an electric motor, batteries, and associated components. A comprehensive evaluation of the prototype’s performance was conducted, encompassing maximum speed (30 km/h), grading capacity (1 degree), acceleration (0.106 m/s²), and driving range (34 km). The electric three-wheeler incorporated four solar panels on the roof and four 12V/26Ah batteries beneath the driver’s seat. A DC motor provided the necessary torque and power through a chain-sprocket mechanism. A mechanical reverse system enabled backward movement without altering the motor’s rotational direction. The on-board solar charging system extended the driving range by 17 km. The findings demonstrate the potential of converting traditional three-wheelers into electric vehicles, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly transportation solution. The proposed system provides a promising alternative for urban mobility, contributing to reduced emissions and improved energy efficiency.