Demographic Influences on Entrepreneurial Orientation and Administrative Excellence in Public Universities: Insights from Ho Chi Minh City

The research examines how different demographic factors affect both Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and Administrative Excellence (AE) in public universities across Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The three essential components of AE consist of leadership effectiveness, efficiency, and adaptability. The research used a quantitative method to gather data from 217 university leaders who were rectors, deans, department heads, and administrative lecturers. The research examined three essential hypotheses, which investigated (1) the relationship between demographic variables and EO, (2) the effect of demographics on AE, and (3) the positive relationship between EO and AE. The research shows that sex, along with age, position, and years of experience, strongly affect both EO and AE. The study shows that male leaders demonstrated stronger innovation and competitive drive and senior leaders between 40–59 years old achieved higher scores in AE. The study established that Proactiveness and Innovativeness emerged as the leading predictors of AE with Proactiveness demonstrating the strongest effect. The study found no substantial connection between educational level and the research outcomes. The study recommends that leadership training should focus on developing Proactiveness and Innovativeness while working to reduce gender-based leadership imbalances. The research provides essential recommendations to boost AE through strategic leadership development and policy creation in higher education institutions.