Using the Fraser’s Triangle to Examine the Social Determinants of Health in Indigenous People across Northwestern Ontario

Indigenous populations in Northwestern Ontario face persistent and disproportionate health challenges, shaped by systemic barriers and legacies of colonialism. These disparities stem from social, political, and economic conditions that influence health outcomes and access to care. The social determinants of health (SDH) provide a crucial framework for understanding these inequities, as they reflect the broader conditions influencing well-being. This study applies Fraser’s model—centering on recognition, redistribution, and representation—to examine how structural inequalities, cultural marginalization, and political exclusion contribute to Indigenous health inequities [4]. By integrating Fraser’s framework, this research underscores the need for culturally relevant healthcare solutions that prioritize social justice and Indigenous self-determination. This study emphasizes the significance of decolonizing healthcare systems and the necessity for policies that incorporate Indigenous perspectives and lived experiences. By critically examining existing structures and frameworks, the analysis contributes to ongoing efforts aimed at achieving equitable and culturally responsive healthcare for Indigenous populations in Northwestern Ontario.