A Multi Theoretical Model of Dynamic Competititivenes in Indonesia’s Renewable Energy Ecosystem

Indonesia’s transition to renewable energy is critical for achieving national development targets and global climate commitments. However, competitiveness in this sector is shaped not only by cost and technology, but also by how firms and ecosystems navigate regulatory complexity, innovation imperatives, and multi-actor collaboration. This study proposes a conceptual model of dynamic competitiveness in Indonesia’s renewable energy sector by integrating three strategic theories: the Value Creation Model, the Sharing Economy Framework, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). Drawing on a synthesis of 27 academic and policy sources, the model identifies four strategic antecedents—innovation strategy, platform integration, community engagement, and policy alignment—that influence competitiveness through three mediating mechanisms: value creation positioning, participatory energy models, and strategic resource deployment. The model conceptualizes renewable energy competitiveness as the central outcome and highlights its practical manifestations in the form of technology adoption, expanded energy access, and an inclusive energy transition. This study offers a theory-driven, context-specific framework for analyzing competitive advantage in energy transitions. The model provides a strategic lens for renewable energy firms, investors, and policymakers to assess competitive positioning, ecosystem readiness, and the pathways toward socially inclusive and resilient clean energy systems