Solvent's Effect on Specific Rate Constant by The Addition of Zno-Nanoparticles in Alkali Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Ethylnicotinate

The Solvent effect of aqueous aprotic solvent was expressed by studying the kinetics and mechanism of alkali catalyzed hydrolysis of ethylnicotinate in aqueous 1,4-dioxane system having various compositions (20% to 80% v/v) and different temperature range 20°C, 30°C and 40°C affected by the addition of ZnO-nanoparticles. ZnO-nanoparticles increase surface area, catalytic property and polarity of the alkali catalyzed hydrolysis reaction, hence, rate and the specific rate constant value changes. From the kinetic study we found that decrease of rate and specific rate constant (k) of the reaction with gradual addition of organic co-solvent. The change in iso-composition activation energy (EC), iso-dielectric activation energy (ED), solvation and desolvation of initial state and transition state, the number of associated water molecules with activated complex were also calculate and explained. The thermodynamic parameters enthalpy of activation (∆H*), entropy of activation (∆S*) and free-energy of activation (∆G*) were also calculated. The addition of ZnO-nanoparticles in reaction mixture enhances conductivity specific rate constant EC, ED and other above given parameters.