A Model for Effective Application of Circular Economy Approach in Waste Management of Building Construction Sites in South East Nigeria

The study presents a model for the effective application of the circular economy approach to waste management on building construction sites in Southeast Nigeria. Employing a qualitative research approach, data was gathered through structured, open-ended interviews conducted with 322 key stakeholders, including contractors, clients, and consultants proportionally distributed across Anambra, Enugu, Abia, Ebonyi, and Imo States. The stakeholders, drawn from a total population of 1,653 building construction professionals, were identified through purposive sampling. The study explored current waste management practices, the primary factors influencing waste generation and disposal, the extent of utilization of recycled materials by construction firms, and the challenges associated with applying circular economy principles. The findings revealed the prevalent use of traditional waste management practices, limited adoption of recycled materials, and significant barriers such as inadequate infrastructure, low stakeholder awareness, and resistance to change. The proposed model integrates circular economy principles to address these issues. Key components of the model include enhancing waste recycling initiatives, integrating waste management plans into project planning, mitigating root causes of waste through infrastructure investment and awareness campaigns, and promoting the reuse of construction and demolition waste as secondary raw materials. The model also emphasizes fostering stakeholder collaboration, developing sustainable urban strategies, and overcoming industry resistance to circular economy adoption. The research concludes by advocating for policy development, capacity building, infrastructure investment, and stakeholder engagement to facilitate the successful implementation of the model. Recommendations for future research and practical strategies for monitoring and evaluation of waste management initiatives are also provided, emphasizing the need for continuous innovation and collaboration in the construction sector. This study offers a significant step toward achieving sustainable waste management practices and advancing the principles of the circular economy within the Nigerian construction industry.