Transformation of organizational forms of innovative activity in the conditions of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine

The restoration of Ukraine requires not only colossal financial investments, but also an innovative approach to the restoration of the economy, infrastructure and social sphere. Traditional methods are unable to provide the necessary speed, stability and competitiveness. Effective management of innovation activity is a key factor in transforming Ukraine into a high-tech state. The article analyzes the importance of innovation activity in the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine; examines the main organizational forms of innovation activity; considers the importance of startups and small innovative enterprises in the restoration of Ukraine; outlines the necessary conditions for the development of startups and small innovative enterprises in the post-war period; proves that the justification of the choice of organizational forms of innovation activity through the prism of the time horizon is critically important for post-war Ukraine, describes the key characteristics of startups and small innovative enterprises; determines the role of technopolises and technoparks in post-war development. Analysis of statistical data on the development trend of startups allowed us to note the positive dynamics of the growth of their number and the volume of investments attracted. Organizational forms of innovation activity are considered as part of a complex national innovation system. The effectiveness in the post-war period, risks and limitations for each of the forms and their significance for the reconstruction of Ukraine are determined. Key tasks of organizational forms of innovation activity: overcoming inefficient use of resources, stimulating the transition to a new technological level, forming «regulatory sandboxes»; reducing the time for innovations to enter the market; transfer and diffusion of technologies; conversion and adaptation of dual-purpose technologies; return and retention of intellectual capital; professional reintegration of veterans; ensuring regional inclusiveness; administration and validation of grant flows; reducing risks for private investors; capitalization of intellectual property; ensuring transparent and effective use of capital. Main trends in the development of organizational forms of innovation activity: transition to the paradigm of «open innovation»; ecosystem and network convergence; militarization and development of dual-purpose technologies; orientation towards sustainable development and «green transit»; strengthening the role of «spiral models». In times of war, organizational forms evolve towards decentralized networks that are able to survive physical attacks and simultaneously integrate into the global technological space through digital platforms.