Exploring Bio Augmentation as a Sustainable Approach for COD Reduction in Palm Oil Refinery

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Bioaugmentation Technology in addressing elevated levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and reducing sludge volume in the aeration tank of a Palm Oil Refinery located in Kalimantan Island, Indonesia. In addressing these concerns, the study employed Bioaugmentation Technology, specifically tailored for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent in both aerobic and anaerobic ponds, with the aim of expediting the breakdown of organic compounds. Methodology: The research focused on evaluating the impact of this technology on organic degradation and sludge reduction in comparison to conventional treatment methods. Conventional Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) treatment systems typically utilize large-volume sequential pond arrangements with extended hydraulic retention times (>90 days), resulting in inefficient organic degradation. Conversely, the Bioaugmentation Technology utilized in this study emerged as a natural, non-toxic, and easily implementable solution to operational challenges faced by these systems. Findings: The technology facilitated the rapid breakdown of organic compounds, leading to a reduction in COD and subsequently, a decrease in sludge volume. Based on the observed positive outcomes, it is recommended to consider Bioaugmentation Technology as a viable and efficient solution for POME wastewater treatment in palm oil refineries. Unique contributor to theory, policy and practice: Its capacity to enhance organic degradation, reduce sludge volume, and improve overall treatment plant efficiency suggests its potential as a valuable complementary technology to existing treatment methods in similar operational conditions.