Impact of Vaccination Schedules on the Incidence of Respiratory Diseases in Poultry

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess impact of vaccination schedules on the incidence of respiratory diseases in poultry. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that well-structured vaccination programs can substantially reduce the prevalence and severity of respiratory diseases in poultry flocks. Effective vaccination schedules, tailored to the specific pathogens prevalent in a given region, enhance the overall immunity of the birds, thereby decreasing the incidence of diseases such as infectious bronchitis, avian influenza, and Newcastle disease. The timing, frequency, and type of vaccines administered play crucial roles in optimizing the birds' immune responses. Properly implemented vaccination schedules not only improve the health and productivity of poultry but also contribute to the economic stability of the poultry industry by reducing the losses associated with respiratory disease outbreaks. Additionally, research underscores the importance of maintaining stringent biosecurity measures alongside vaccination to achieve maximal disease control. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Immunological memory theory, ecological immunology theory and one health theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the impact of vaccination schedules on the incidence of respiratory diseases in poultry. Develop and implement customized vaccination schedules based on regional disease prevalence, environmental conditions, and specific poultry breeds. Formulate and enforce region-specific vaccination guidelines that consider local environmental conditions, disease prevalence, and farming practices.