Evaluation of Antibiotic Usage Patterns and Antimicrobial Resistance in Companion Animals in Israel

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the evaluation of antibiotic usage patterns and antimicrobial resistance in companion animals in Israel. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study reveals significant insights into the dynamics of antibiotic administration and its consequences on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Through extensive analysis, researchers have identified common trends in antibiotic prescriptions for companion animals, highlighting frequent usage in both prophylactic and therapeutic scenarios. Moreover, the study underscores the concerning prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among these animals, indicating a growing challenge in managing infections effectively. Factors such as inappropriate antibiotic selection, dosing errors, and inadequate treatment durations contribute to the development of AMR in companion animals, raising concerns about its potential transmission to humans. Additionally, the findings emphasize the critical need for judicious antibiotic use and comprehensive surveillance strategies to mitigate the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary settings. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social cognitive theory, theory of planned behavior and one health theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the evaluation of antibiotic usage patterns and antimicrobial resistance in companion animals in Israel. Develop evidence-based guidelines for antibiotic prescribing in companion animals, tailored to different clinical scenarios and species. Advocate for regulatory measures to promote responsible antibiotic use in companion animals, including restrictions on the use of medically important antibiotics and the implementation of prescription-only policies for certain antimicrobial agents.