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Mécanisme de règlement des différends entre investisseurs et États : quels enjeux pour la transition climatique ?

Author

Listed:
  • Théo Iberrakene
  • Margarita Lopez-Forero
  • Géraldine Renard

Abstract

Pour lutter contre le changement climatique, les États doivent réduire leur utilisation des énergies fossiles. Cette démarche peut les amener à mettre fin à certains contrats conclus avec des entreprises de ces secteurs. Or, certains investisseurs étrangers bénéficient parfois de règles juridiques qui les protègent. Si un contrat est rompu, ils peuvent engager une procédure devant un tribunal d’arbitrage afin de réclamer des indemnités. Un tel risque financier peut ralentir la mise en œuvre de politiques de lutte contre le changement climatique. Ce phénomène, appelé « gel réglementaire », constitue un défi supplémentaire pour les économies émergentes, déjà confrontées à d’importants besoins de financement pour réussir leur transition énergétique.

Suggested Citation

  • Théo Iberrakene & Margarita Lopez-Forero & Géraldine Renard, 2026. "Mécanisme de règlement des différends entre investisseurs et États : quels enjeux pour la transition climatique ?," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 263.
    • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2026:263:01
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    File URL: https://www.banque-france.fr/system/files/2026-03/BDF263-1_Gel_reglementaire_ISDS_web.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Edmund J. Malesky & Helen V. Milner, 2021. "Fostering global value chains through international agreements: Evidence from Vietnam," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(3), pages 443-482, November.
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