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La crise gazière de 2022 : catalyseur ou révélateur de la recomposition de l’industrie européenne ?

Author

Listed:
  • Baget Colin
  • Sophie Rivaud

Abstract

La rupture des flux de gaz russes en 2021 2023 a déclenché une crise énergétique majeure en Europe, touchant d’abord les pays les plus exposés, au premier rang desquels l’Allemagne, ainsi que les branches industrielles à forte intensité énergétique, notamment la chimie et la métallurgie. Au-delà de cet épisode, on observe depuis le début des années 2000 une recomposition de l’industrie européenne en faveur des branches les moins intensives en énergie telles que la pharmacie et l’électronique. Ces branches sont davantage portées par la demande finale que les industries intensives en énergie, signalant une recomposition structurelle au sein de l’industrie manufacturière.

Suggested Citation

  • Baget Colin & Sophie Rivaud, 2026. "La crise gazière de 2022 : catalyseur ou révélateur de la recomposition de l’industrie européenne ?," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 262.
    • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2026:262:05
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    File URL: https://www.banque-france.fr/system/files/2026-02/BDF262_5_Choc_gazier_web.pdf
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