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Why has the saving ratio remained historically high in France since the end of the pandemic?
[Comment expliquer le maintien d’un taux d’épargne historiquement élevé en France en sortie de pandémie ?]

Author

Listed:
  • Alice Carroy
  • Frédéric Delamarre
  • Yannick Kalantzis
  • Camille Thubin
  • Jean-Pierre Villetelle

Abstract

The sudden rise in France’s saving ratio during the pandemic can be explained by shop closures and the fact that income levels remained largely stable thanks to public support. At the end of the pandemic, a portion of these forced savings was reabsorbed, yet the saving ratio remained higher than in 2019 and even rose in 2023-24. We identify four explanatory factors: consumption smoothing, income composition effects (strong growth in financial income with the rise in interest rates), inflation-linked losses and the impact of uncertainty. Disinflation and monetary policy normalisation should mitigate composition and inflation effects. However, domestic and global uncertainty could continue to support France’s saving ratio. La hausse soudaine du taux d’épargne durant la pandémie en France s’explique par la fermeture des commerces, alors que les revenus ont été largement maintenus grâce aux soutiens publics. En sortie de pandémie, une partie de ce surcroît forcé d’épargne s’est résorbé, mais le taux d’épargne demeure supérieur à son niveau de 2019, d’autant qu’il a augmenté en 2023 2024. Nous identifions quatre facteurs explicatifs : les comportements de lissage de la consommation, les effets de composition du revenu (dynamisme des revenus financiers lors de la hausse des taux d’intérêt), les pertes inflationnistes et l’effet de l’incertitude. La désinflation et la normalisation de la politique monétaire devraient atténuer les effets de composition et les effets de l’inflation. Toutefois, l’incertitude d’origine domestique et internationale pourrait continuer de soutenir le taux d’épargne en France.

Suggested Citation

  • Alice Carroy & Frédéric Delamarre & Yannick Kalantzis & Camille Thubin & Jean-Pierre Villetelle, 2026. "Why has the saving ratio remained historically high in France since the end of the pandemic? [Comment expliquer le maintien d’un taux d’épargne historiquement élevé en France en sortie de pandémie ?]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 262.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2026:262:03
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