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French households and inflation from 2022 to 2024 - How did they perceive the wave of inflation and its decline?
[Les Français et l’inflation de 2022 à 2024 – Comment les ménages ont-ils perçu la vague inflationniste et son reflux ?]

Author

Listed:
  • Vincent Bignon
  • Erwan Gautier

Abstract

Since 2022, the Banque de France, together with the CSA Institute, has conducted three successive annual surveys among just under 15,000 French residents to gauge their perception of inflation between 2022 and 2024. Although inflation was still a major issue for respondents at the end of 2024, they had clearly perceived the decline in inflation following the sharp rise in prices in 2022 23. Fuel and food prices are the focus of much attention and have greatly impacted the changes in inflation perceptions. Households fear inflation because they believe that their income only adjusts partially to price increases. Three quarters of respondents consider that prices have risen faster than their income in euro, while data show that, on average, purchasing power has remained fairly resilient to the wave of inflation (although this average masks disparities). La Banque de France a conduit avec le CSA trois enquêtes annuelles successives depuis 2022 auprès d’un peu moins de 15 000 résidents français afin de mesurer leur perception de la vague inflationniste entre 2022 et 2024. Même si, fin 2024, le sujet de l’inflation reste un thème important pour les répondants, ceux-ci ont bien perçu le repli de l’inflation suivant l’importante hausse des prix en 2022-2023. Les prix des carburants et de l’alimentation font l’objet d’une attention soutenue et ont largement influencé l’évolution des perceptions d’inflation. Les ménages redoutent l’inflation car ils estiment que leurs revenus ne s’ajustent que partiellement à la hausse des prix. Trois quarts des personnes interrogées pensent en effet que les prix ont augmenté plus vite que leurs revenus en euros alors que les données indiquent qu’en moyenne le pouvoir d’achat a plutôt résisté à la vague inflationniste (même si cette moyenne recouvre des disparités).

Suggested Citation

  • Vincent Bignon & Erwan Gautier, 2025. "French households and inflation from 2022 to 2024 - How did they perceive the wave of inflation and its decline? [Les Français et l’inflation de 2022 à 2024 – Comment les ménages ont-ils perçu la v," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 257.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2025:257:03
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