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Structural Study on Stretchable Interdigitated Electrodes for Transdermal Drug Delivery via Skin Electroporation

Author

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  • Zhuoran Li

    (College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin 300222, China; State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Liang Guo

    (State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Xuecheng Ping

    (College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin 300222, China)

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of traditional skin electroporation electrodes that the electric field easily diffuses to deep tissues and rigid electrodes have poor adaptability, this study introduced the interdigitated structure into electrode design. A short-range current path was constructed via the interlaced finger array to realize precise electric field regulation, which generates an effective electroporation electric field only in the stratum corneum and greatly reduces the risk of stimulation to deep tissues. To address the defect of a sharp rise in resistance of linear interdigitated electrodes under stretching, the electrode was optimized into a serpentine stretchable structure. The geometric redundancy of this structure was utilized to release stress, which significantly improved the electrical stability and mechanical reliability of the electrode under dynamic skin deformation. In addition, a wearable electroporation electrode adapted to facial skin was designed, which provides a safe and efficient flexible device solution for transdermal penetration enhancement in aesthetic medicine and clinical drug delivery.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhuoran Li & Liang Guo & Xuecheng Ping, 2026. "Structural Study on Stretchable Interdigitated Electrodes for Transdermal Drug Delivery via Skin Electroporation," Journal of Progress in Engineering and Physical Science, Paradigm Academic Press, vol. 5(1), pages 18-25, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdz:jpepsc:v:5:y:2026:i:1:p:18-25
    DOI: 10.63593/JPEPS.2026.03.04
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