Relationship between Urbanization and Parasite Infections in Wildlife in South Africa

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between urbanization and parasite infections in wildlife in South Africa. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Urbanization in South African wildlife alters ecosystems, disrupting behavior and increasing parasite prevalence. Urban areas introduce new environments affecting parasite transmission dynamics, especially vector-borne diseases. Wildlife responses vary; some adapt, reducing parasite exposure, while others face higher loads due to stress and habitat changes. Human-wildlife interactions in urban settings heighten the risk of zoonotic parasite transmission. Conservation efforts should prioritize long-term monitoring and interdisciplinary research to mitigate these impacts on wildlife health. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Island biogeography theory, ecological niche theory & one health concept may be used to anchor future studies on relationship between urbanization and parasite infections in wildlife in South Africa. Regular health checks and parasite screenings for urban wildlife should be established to monitor and manage parasite infections. Policies should be established to address the impacts of urbanization on wildlife health, including regulations on green space development, waste management, and the control of domestic animal interactions with wildlife.