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Mathematical Model Derivation of Protean In-Wheel-Motor Used in EV Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Peter Harth

    (Department of Automotive Technologies, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary)

  • Mahmoud Said Jneid

Abstract

A Protean in-wheel-motor (IWM) is a special type of permanent magnet synchronous motor developed by Protean Electric for direct drive electric vehicle applications. The Protean IWM features a high fault-tolerance substantial for EV applications by dividing the stator into eight independent sub-motors. Each sub-motor features a balanced three-phase system with a spanning of 45o/360o mechanical/electrical on the stator periphery. In total, there are 8 × 3 = 24 phases on the stator distributed with a displacement between any two subsequent phases of 15o/120o mechanical/electrical. In this paper, the mathematical model of a Protean motor in a synchronous rotor frame (d-q) is derived based on a set of Park transforms corresponding to each sub-motor spatial and electrical distribution. The set of Park transforms is then adapted into one generalised Park transform that can be applied to any sub-motor by introducing an angle representing the beginning of each sub-motor.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Harth & Mahmoud Said Jneid, 2025. "Mathematical Model Derivation of Protean In-Wheel-Motor Used in EV Applications," Cognitive Sustainability, Cognitive Sustainability Ltd., vol. 4(1), pages 38-47, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcy:issued:cognitivesustainability:v:4:y:2025:i:1:p:38-47
    DOI: 10.55343/CogSust.109
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Protean; in-wheel-motor; sub-motor; fault-tolerance; mathematical model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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