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The ICT Sector in Bulgaria: Current State of Affairs, Innovation Capacity and Challenges

Author

Listed:
  • Nikola Stoichkov
  • Eduard Marinov

Abstract

The article examines the development of the information and communication technologies sector in Bulgaria within the context of the global digital economy, combining theoretical perspectives, empirical data, and case studies of leading applied research institutes. Key indicators such as the sector’s contribution to GDP, employment, revenue, and indexes like DESI and WDCI are presented. Particular attention is given to the role of the INSAIT and GATE institutes as catalysts of innovation through the “triple helix” model. Their contribution to attracting investments, fostering human capital, and establishing strategic partnerships is analysed in depth. The article also incorporates findings from semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, which highlight the challenges facing digital transformation in Bulgaria. Based on this analysis, specific recommendations are formulated for strengthening cooperation between academia, industry, and the public sector in order to promote sustainable development and enhance Bulgaria’s international competitiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikola Stoichkov & Eduard Marinov, 2025. "The ICT Sector in Bulgaria: Current State of Affairs, Innovation Capacity and Challenges," Economic Thought journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 4, pages 427-451.
    • Handle: RePEc:bas:econth:y:2025:i:4:p:427-451
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • L86 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software

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