Ecological Dilemmas and Mechanism Reshaping: A Multi-Dimensional Examination of the Development of Social Emotional Abilities of Infants and Toddlers Aged 0-3-Based on a Survey of 248 Parents in Hunan Province

The age of 0 to 3 years is a key stage in the development of social emotional abilities, which has a profound impact on the lifelong development of individuals. Based on the ecosystem theory, this study used a questionnaire survey method to investigate 248 parents of infants and toddlers aged 0-3 in Hunan Province, aiming to clarify the development status of their social emotional abilities and the dilemma of the collaborative education mechanism of the home society. The study found that: there is a significant deviation of "heavy cognition and light emotion" in the goals of parenting; urban and rural infants and toddlers show faults in their social emotional abilities, and rural children lag significantly in interpersonal communication and adaptability; there are structural dilemmas such as superficial communication and "desertification" of community support in the collaborative mechanism of home communities. To this end, the research proposes a systematic intervention path from family empowerment, home co-education to community support, with a view to providing a reference for building an effective early development support system.