Challenges and Support Systems for Female Workers in Special Circumstances in Vietnam's Industrial Zones

This study examines the unique challenges faced by female workers in special circumstances in Vietnam's industrial and export processing zones, particularly single mothers and those suffering from severe illnesses or occupational diseases. The research methodology includes consultations and interviews with experts, in-depth interviews with affected female workers, and engagement with union officials and employers. The survey covered a total of 454 respondents, divided into two groups: 245 female workers in special circumstances and 209 union officials. The findings indicate that the most pressing issue for these workers is the lack of adequate housing, as rented accommodations often fail to meet their families' basic needs. Additionally, they encounter significant barriers to accessing healthcare due to high costs and insufficient wages. Low wages also force many workers in industrial zones to borrow money for daily living expenses. The effectiveness of support provided by the State, enterprises, and trade unions is perceived as inadequate. Despite the existence of support mechanisms, there remains a substantial gap between the needs of these workers and the assistance available, particularly in terms of healthcare and housing. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to enhance both the material and mental well-being of this vulnerable group. It provides policy recommendations aimed at improving their quality of life through more effective and comprehensive support measures.