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Convergence in R&D Intensity across European Countries: A Fractional Integration Approach

Author

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  • Amaia Altuzarra

    (Faculty of Economics and Business, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain)

Abstract

In this paper, the convergence in R&D expenditure across 21 European Union countries is examined by applying fractional integration analysis. Data are annual and cover the period 1990–2010. Results show that there is certain degree of convergence in R&D intensity. However, the speed of the convergence varies across countries. For most of the countries, the speed of convergence is higher in the R&D expenditures of governments than in the R&D expenditures of higher education institutions and businesses. Differences in the speed of convergence could be explained by differences in industry structures, in cultural trajectories, in macroeconomic conditions, or in internationalisation. The more dissimilar countries are in terms of these factors the more likely they are to have divergent paths. Furthermore, differences in R&D convergence by institutional sectors could be due to the different goals of each sector and to the relative weight of each sector in the entire economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Amaia Altuzarra, 2016. "Convergence in R&D Intensity across European Countries: A Fractional Integration Approach," Acta Oeconomica, Akadémiai Kiadó, Hungary, vol. 66(2), pages 351-374, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:aka:aoecon:v:66:y:2016:i:2:p:351-374
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    File URL: http://www.akademiai.com/doi/pdf/10.1556/032.2016.66.2.8
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Babucea Ana-Gabriela & Răbonțu Cecilia-Irina, 2017. "The Regional R&D Activity in Romania – A Perspective Post-EU Accession," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 0(2), pages 66-72, December.
    2. Sakiru Adebola Solarin & Gema Lopez & Luis A. Gil‐Alana, 2022. "Persistence analysis of research intensity in OECD countries since 1870," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 738-750, December.
    3. Zizi Goschin & Steliana Sandu & Georgiana Gloria Goschin, 2016. "The impact of economic crisis on R&D convergence in Romania," ERSA conference papers ersa16p499, European Regional Science Association.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    convergence; R&D; European Union; fractional integration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe

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