Exploring the Drivers of Essential Living Sacrifices Among Rural Households with Cardiovascular Diseases in Bangladesh

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are not only a growing public health concern but also a source of profound economic strain, particularly in low-middle-income rural settings. This study investigates how healthcare expenditures influence essential living sacrifices among rural Bangladeshi Households affected by CVDs. Drawing on primary data from 200 households with CVD across five districts using cross-sectional data, we employed binary logistic regression models to examine the determinants of budgetary compromises on food, clothing, education, electricity, internet, entertainment, and furniture. Findings reveal that households with lower income, larger household sizes, dependent family members, and limited spending savings are significantly more likely to reduce spending on essential living due to healthcare costs. Taking loans, and out-of-pocket medical spending emerged as critical stressors driving these trade-offs. Gender and geographic disparities also played a significant role, with female-headed and rural households facing heightened vulnerability. Households often prioritized treatment by compromising nutrition, education, and utilities—ultimately deepening cycles of deprivation. This research highlights the hidden costs of illness in resource-poor settings and emphasizes the need for comprehensive policies addressing both financial protection and social support. Without such interventions, healthcare-seeking risks reinforcing poverty and undermining human capital development. The study calls for targeted strategies such as rural insurance schemes, savings mobilization, and integrated social safety nets to mitigate the economic fallout of chronic illness.