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The Economic Impacts Of The Belt And Road Initiative: A Literature Review

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  • LUYAO RAO

    (Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania)

Abstract

Since its inception in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has generated a growing body of research on its far-reaching implications. This paper reviews and critically examines the literature on the BRI’s economic and trade impacts and their underlying mechanisms. The review identifies three principal channels: Chinese foreign direct investment, infrastructure connectivity, and integration into global value chains. Most theoretical and empirical studies associate the BRI with economic growth and increased trade in participating countries, although the magnitude and distribution of these benefits vary across regions according to institutional quality, policy settings, cultural context, and local economic conditions. The literature also raises continuing concerns about debt sustainability and the environmental risks of large-scale infrastructure projects. Overall, the evidence indicates that the BRI creates substantial economic opportunities, but its longer-term outcomes depend on complementary policies, local absorptive capacity, and effective risk management.

Suggested Citation

  • Luyao Rao, 2026. "The Economic Impacts Of The Belt And Road Initiative: A Literature Review," European Journal of Public Administration Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 0, pages 145-155, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:aic:ejpair:y:2026:v:7:p:145-155
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