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Potential and constraints of employing agricultural biotechnology as a development tool: GMO cultivation and small-holder farmers in Dharmapuri District, India

Author

Listed:
  • Poli, Elena
  • Devesa, Teresa
  • Roig, Jose

Abstract

Drawing on the case of Dharmapuri District, South India, the article aims to investigate the potential and the constraints by which agricultural biotechnologies can be employed to serve the purpose of agricultural and rural development. The analysis follows two main routes: on one side it evaluates the suitability of biotechnology (specifically Bt cotton) to the needs of farmers, while, on the other, it examines access to resources (technical information, access to credit and input/output markets) necessary for the adoption of this technology. Using field survey data from Bt cotton farmers in Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, the paper attempts to identify what are the constraints that small-holder farmers face in accessing this technology and reaping benefits from it. From this analysis it will be concluded that to be be used as development tool, biotechnology need to be integrated with socio-economic considerations. Consiering the many challenges involved, the paper will propose a number of pointers for policymakers to (re)design biotechnology porjects and policies to respond to clear societal targets and aims. El principal objetivo de este estudio ha sido investigar el potencial y los condicionantes para utilizar la biotecnologia agricola como herramienta de desarrollo rural en el contexto del Districto de Dharmapuri, en el Sur de la India. El analisis ha tenido dos rutas: por un lado se ha evaluado la idoneidad de la biotecnologia (especificamente el algodon bt) para las necesidades de los agricultores; y por el otro, se ha examinado el acceso a los recursos complementarios (acceso a la inforamacion tecnica, acceso al credito y a los mercados de inputs y outputs) necesarios para laadopcion de esta tecnologia de esta tecnologia por parte de los agricultores. Utilzando los datos de una encuesta de campo a agricultores de algodon Bt en el Distrito de Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, el articulo trata de identificar cuales son las limitaciones con que los pequenos agricultores se enfrentan en el acceso a esta tecnologia y en obtener beneficios de ella. De este analisis se concluye que, para ser utilizada como herramienta de desarrollo, la biotecnologia debe integrarse con las cosideraciones socio-economicas. Teniendo en cuenta todos los desafios que esto implica, el articulo traza una serie de proposiciones para las autoridades y organismos de desarrollo, para (re)disenar politicas y proyectos biotecnologicos de desarrollo rural, rspondiendo a metas y objetivos sociales claros.

Suggested Citation

  • Poli, Elena & Devesa, Teresa & Roig, Jose, 2013. "Potential and constraints of employing agricultural biotechnology as a development tool: GMO cultivation and small-holder farmers in Dharmapuri District, India," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 235, pages 1-27.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:187232
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.187232
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