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Analisis critico de los pagos por servicios ambientales: de la gestacion teorica a la implementacion

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Abstract

Desde finales de la decada de 1980 la politica ambiental se ha apoyado de forma creciente en las fuerzas del mercado de cara al diseno de sistemas de incentivos economicos para promover el uso sostenible de los ecosistemas y de los ervicios que estos generan. La mercadotecnia en politica ambiental esta siendo implementado a traves de dos mecanismos fundamentales: los Mercados de Servicios Ambientales y los sistemas de Pagos por Servicios Ambientales. El principio de <> promovido por los primeros, se complementa con el principio de <> que subyace a los segundos. A pesar de que algunos paises han experimentado con este tipo de mecanismos desde hace al emnos medio siglo, la idea de que servicios ecologicos de caracter publico puedan ser apropiados, monetizados e incorporados a la esfera del comercio y la compracenta supone un fenomeno relativamente reciente en la historia del pensamiento economico, y su puesta en practica no esta siendo ajena a la controversia. En el presente articulo se revisa la historia de los Pagos por Servicios Ambientales desde su gestacion en la teoria economica a su implementacion en politica ambiental. Asimismo, se analiza la evolucion de las ideas en el seno del pensamiento economico que ha facilitado la conceptualizacion de los servicios de los ecosistemas de compensacion que estan siendo conceptuados como variantes de los sistemas de Pagos por Servicios Ambientales. Since the late 1980's environmental policy has growingly used marked forces for the design of economic incentives to promote sustainable use of ecosystems and ecosystem services. The market approach to environmental policy is being implemented through two basic mechanisms: Market for Ecosystem Services and Payments fro Ecosystem Services. The <> underpinning the former is complemented with the <> underlying the latter. Despite some countries have experimented with such mechanisms for at least fifty years, the notion that public ecosystem benefits can be subject of appropriation, monetization, and articulation in markets constitues a relatively recent phenomenon in economic thinking, and its implementation has not escaped controversy. I analyze the history of Payments for Ecosystem Services from its gestation in economic theory to their implementation in environmental policy. In particular, I analyze how the evolution of ideas in economic thinking have paved the way, first, for the conceptualization of ecosystem services as exchange values, and them, for their articulation within the range of market mechanisms that are being labeled as variants of Payments for Ecosystem Services.

Suggested Citation

  • Unknown, 2011. "Analisis critico de los pagos por servicios ambientales: de la gestacion teorica a la implementacion," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 228, pages 1-22.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:186509
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