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Aproximación al sector del piñón en España

Author

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  • REYES, J. BARRANCO
  • PÉREZ, S. F. ORTUÑO

Abstract

El Pino Piñonero, Pinus pinea, es una especie de gran importancia forestal en España, dada su adaptación al medio natural, sus funciones protectoras y su interés económico. Ocupa más de 390.000 ha y se distribuye principalmente desde las mesetas centrales hasta la costa sur y este del país. Este interés, otrora basado en la explotación maderera, se orienta hoy hacia el piñón. El piñón es un fruto seco de amplio uso como condimento culinario, en pastelería, confitería, y formando parte de recetas tradicionales. Si bien su consumo no está muy extendido, su arraigo es importante en determinadas regiones españolas y mediterráneas, y además alcanza precios elevados en el mercado. Sin embargo, este sector, que reporta beneficios económicos importantes y genera aproximadamente 150.000 jornales anuales en España, se encuentra sumido en la más absoluta oscuridad informativa. Los aprovechamientos se realizan de forma poco profesional y totalmente desorganizada en algunos casos. El control de los volúmenes de recolección es figurado, y los datos estadísticos de la Administración casi nunca coinciden con los proporcionados por las empresas. Éstas, a su vez, se muestran extremadamente reacias a cualquier tipo de comunicación o apertura, incluso a la hora de asociarse entre sí. El grado de profesionalidad es escaso, salvo en casos muy contados, y los volúmenes de negocio, destino del producto, etc., se plantean como preguntas de difícil solución. En definitiva, se trata de un sector empresarial carente de vertebración, como, por otro lado, ocurre en la mayor parte del sector forestal...The Stone Pine, Pinus pinea, is specie of a great forest interest in Spain, due to its adaptation, its ecological and protecting functions and its economical interest. It occupies more than 390.000 ha and it distributes mainly from the central plateaus to the south and east coast of Spain. This interest, formerly based on the timber exploitation, is guided nowadays toward its most valuable product: the pine kernel. The pine kernel is a dry fruit of wide use, as culinary condiment, in pastry, sweets and being part of traditional recipes. Although their consumption is not very extended, its importance is great in certain regions of the mediterranean geography, and because of the character of its employment it reaches high prices in the market. However this sector, that reports important economical benefits and generates about 150.000 daily wages in Spain, is sunk in the most absolute informative darkness. The exploitations are carried out in a not very professional way and completely disorganized in some cases. The control of the gathering volumes is very poor and the statistical data of the Administration hardly ever match the ones offered by the companies. These, in addition, are extremely reluctant to any communication , even to associating to each other. The profesionality grade is scarce, except for some few cases , and the business volumes, destination of the product, etc, are questions of difficult solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Reyes, J. Barranco & Pérez, S. F. Ortuño, 2004. "Aproximación al sector del piñón en España," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 201, pages 1-26`.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:165981
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.165981
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    Environmental Economics and Policy;

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