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Desarrollo y situación actual de la agricultura ecológica: elementos de análisis para entender el caso español

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  • MIELGO, ANTONIO M. ALONSO

Abstract

La agricultura ecológica es practicada actualmente en la mayoría de los países del mundo, constituyendo una alternativa a la agricultura convencional. El desarrollo de este sector en los países de la UE, donde se concentran más de 3,6 millones de hectáreas en alrededor de 130.000 explotaciones en la actualidad, ha sido notable. El principal objetivo de este artículo es determinar los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de la agricultura ecológica. El apoyo normativo y económico ha sido un factor importante en muchos países de la UE. Este soporte ha sido bajo en España, siendo el mercado de exportación el principal motor del desarrollo de la agricultura ecológica. Sin embasrgo, este mercado es actualmente inestable, debido a que varios países, que apoyan a su sector ecológico, compiten ventajosamente con la producción ecológica española en los principales mercados del centro y norte de Europa. Por ello, se hace necesario el establecimiento de planes integrales de apoyo en España a este sector, que se ha convertido en los últimos años en una de las principales actividades impulsoras del desarrollo rural sostenible, Organic farming are practised nowadays in the most of the countries in the world, constituting an alternative to the conventional farming. The development of this sector in the EU countries, where more than 3,6 million hectares are concentrated actually in around 130.000 farms, has been notorious. The main objective of this article is to determine the factors which have influence on the organic farming development. Normative and economical institutional support has been a very important factor in many EU countries. This support has been low in Spain, being the export market the main historical driving force of the organic farming development. However, the export market is not actually very stable, because there are several countries, which give institutional support to the organic sector, competing with Spain in the main markets of central and northern European countries. By this, it’s necessary to established integral planes in Spain to promote this sector, which have converted in the last years in one of the main driving force of sustainable rural development.

Suggested Citation

  • Mielgo, Antonio M. Alonso, 2001. "Desarrollo y situación actual de la agricultura ecológica: elementos de análisis para entender el caso español," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 192, pages 1-38.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:165074
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.165074
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