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La PAC, entre la Agenda 2000 y la Ronda del Milenio: ¿A la búsqueda de una política en defensa de la multifuncionalidad agraria?

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  • Marti, Albert Massot

Abstract

El 25 de marzo de 1999, en Berlín, el Consejo de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno de la Unión Europea alcanzó un acuerdo sobre la Agenda 2000 y prosiguió el proceso de reforma de la la PAC. En este contexto, la Agenda 2000 reconoció el papel multifuncional que juega la agricultura, más allá de su estricta función económica y social. Los agricultores europeos proveen una serie de servicios altamente estimados por los ciudadanos, tales como el cuidado de nuestros paisajes tradicionales, la garantía de alimentos de calidad, o la conservación del medio. Sin embargo, la reforma de la PAC no ha terminado aún. La UE no puede pretender que la PAC ya ha desarrollado plenamente el carácter multifuncional del modelo europeo de agricultura. Ser coherentes con la multifuncionalidad agraria implica que la UE considere con atención los ligámenes entre la producción de alimentos y materias primas y la provision de aquellos otros servicios. Por lo demás, hay que reconocer que el «modelo europeo de agricultura» constituye la simple representación a nivel agrario y rural del «modelo social europeo» en vigor. En este sentido, dos condiciones como mínimo se precisan para que el mundo rural de la UE pueda responder a los retos a que se verá confrontado en los próximos años: un nuevo marco financiero que posibilite la prosecución de la reforma de la PAC; y que las consideraciones no comerciales (incluida la naturaleza multifuncional de la agricultura) sean reconocidas adecuadamente en las negociaciones agrarias de la OMC en curso.....On 25 march 1999, in Berlin, the European Union Heads of State and Government Council, reached an agreement on Agenda 2000 and continued the reform process of the CAP. Under this context, the Agenda 2000 recognised that farming has a multiple role to play, beyond its pure economic and social role. European farmers provide services that are dear to European citizens, such as preservation of our traditional landscapes, guarantee of food quality, and ecological farmig. But, the CAP reform is not at the end of the road. The EU cannot pretend that the CAP already have fully developed the «multifunctional» nature of European model of agriculture. Taking multifunctionality seriously would therefore require EU to look more carefully at the linkages between food anf fiber production and the provision of other services. In other hand, the 'European model of agriculture' is only the embodiment, in the agricultural and rural arena, of a much more general concept that is the «European model society». At least two conditions are needed in order to respond to the forthcoming challenges the European Union farming community will be confronted with in the coming years: a new budgetary framework without rigidities in the management of the CAP reform; and it is essential that non-trade concerns (including the multifunctional character of agriculture) be adequately addressed in the WTO negociations on agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Marti, Albert Massot, 2000. "La PAC, entre la Agenda 2000 y la Ronda del Milenio: ¿A la búsqueda de una política en defensa de la multifuncionalidad agraria?," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 188, pages 1-60.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:165032
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.165032
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