Análisis Del Cultivo De Garbanzo En Sonora Asociado A Su Rentabilidad, Ciclos 2018-2019 Al 2022-2023

Chickpea cultivation in Mexico has a long tradition that dates to the second voyage of Christopher Columbus; in a worldwide, our country ranks twelfth in production, with the main markets being Argelia, Spain and the United States, among others. The 2018-2018 cycle was the best of the last five where Sonora occupied 31.3% of the planted area, 31.4% of the production volume and contributed 29.4% of the production value at the national level while in the 2022-2023 cycle it occupies 17.1% of the harvested area, 11.4% of the production and an estimate of 9.5% of the value of production nationwide. This research work was to determine the profitability of the chickpea crop in Sonora for the 2018-2019 cycles to the 2022-2013 cycle, for which financial tools were used to determine its profitability, among which is the calculation of the cost of production and capital of work, benefit-cost ratio, financial cost, break-even point and sensitivity analysis, for purposes of calculating the financial cost, the Interbank Equilibrium Interest Rate for the month of September 2022, which is 10.5% per year, was taken as a reference. For the 2022-2023 cycle and which is taken as a reference, the production cost per hectare was 33,705, which covers the expenses derived from the purchase of inputs such as labor, seeds, water, fertilizers, among others. the break-even point to cover direct and financial costs was 2.07 t/ha while the Benefit/Cost Ratio was 1.21. The sale price per ton is 18.000 with an average yield of 2.5 tons per hectare, estimated values for the purposes of the calculations made for this work. Once the calculations of all the financial tools have been made, the producer can make the decision to continue with the sowing, cultivation and harvest of chickpeas or change part of his crop pattern.