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Escalada Tarifária e Exportações Brasileiras da Agroindústria do Café e da Soja

Author

Listed:
  • Rodrigues, Francine Rossi
  • Burnquist, Heloisa Lee
  • Costa, Cinthia Cabral da

Abstract

A escalada tarifária, em que o emprego de tarifas de importação sobre componentes ou matéria-prima é mais baixo e aumenta progressivamente para bens semifinais ou finais, estimula a importação de produtos primários em detrimento dos processados. Este artigo mensura os ganhos para o Brasil com a eliminação da escalada tarifária para produtos do café na União Européia (UE), e da soja na China e na UE, comparando esses resultados com os de uma redução da escalada proposta na Rodada Doha da OMC (Organização Mundial do Comércio). Para tanto, foram simuladas reduções tarifárias e quantificados os impactos comerciais com uma modelagem de equilíbrio parcial. Os resultados indicam que as negociações sob a rodada Doha da OMC poderão reduzir a escalada tarifária que incide sobre produtos do café na UE e da soja na China e na UE, no entanto sem a eliminar, para o que seriam necessários cortes tarifários mais elevados. Os impactos comerciais se mostraram maiores na simulação de eliminação da escalada tarifária do que na de uma redução, conforme esperado. Quantificou-se o volume de comércio que o Brasil deixaria de ganhar no caso da adoção da proposta de Doha para corte da escalada. Na UE, o aumento das importações dos produtos brasileiros processados do café e da soja poderia ser 75,4% maior com a eliminação da escalada tarifária do que com a redução conforme Doha......The tariff escalation, where the import duties on components or raw materials are lower, and move progressively higher on semi-finished goods upwards to the finished goods, stimulates the imports of primary commodities rather than processed products. This article measures the gains to Brazil with the elimination of the tariff escalation for coffee products in the European Union (EU), and soybean products in China and in the EU, comparing these results with those of an escalation reduction proposed in the Doha Round of the WTO (World Trade Organization). For that purpose, tariff reductions have been simulated and the impact upon trade has been evaluated with the application of partial equilibrium modeling. The results indicate that trade under the Doha round of the WTO can reduce the tariff escalation although it is not phased out, which would require greater tariff cuts. The impacts upon trade have been higher in the simulation of an elimination of tariff escalation than in its reduction, as expected. It was possible to quantify the trade flows that Brazil would not gain if the Doha proposal for tariff escalation reduction was adopted. The EU imports of coffee and soybean processed products from Brazil could be 75.4 percent higher with the elimination of the tariff escalation than under its reduction according to Doha negotiations.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodrigues, Francine Rossi & Burnquist, Heloisa Lee & Costa, Cinthia Cabral da, 2011. "Escalada Tarifária e Exportações Brasileiras da Agroindústria do Café e da Soja," Brazilian Journal of Rural Economy and Sociology (Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural-RESR), Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural, vol. 49(2), pages 1-28, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:rdecag:152572
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.152572
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    Keywords

    Agribusiness;

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