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Handel zagraniczny Polski produktami mięsnymi w latach 1996-2014 – ocena tendencji na podstawie wybranych wskaźników

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  • Olszańska, Anna

Abstract

The aim of the study is to assess changes in the size and structure of foreign trade of meat products and their impact on the domestic markets of the various types of livestock in the period before and after the integration with the EU. Analyzed were the years 1996-2014 – 9 years before the integration and 10 years after Poland formally entered the EU structures. Polish entry into the structures of the EU resulted in much deeper changes than expected. They concern the scale and structure of international trade but above all the structure and direction of changes in domestic production. Producers and processors of poultry worked out an advantageous position in the domestic market as well as more broadly in the EU. The market for beef is the most export-oriented and unfortunately its situation depends on the conditions of export. The biggest problem appeared in the pork market. From approx. 2008, this market was relatively stable in association with a relatively unfavorable economic situation for Polish livestock producers. From a net exporter of pork, Poland became a big importer. /Synopsis. Celem opracowania jest ocena zmian wielkości i struktury handlu zagranicznego produktami mięsnymi i ich wpływu na krajowe rynki poszczególnych rodzajów żywca w okresie poprzedzającym i po integracji z UE. Analizowano lata 1996-2014 - 9 lat poprzedzających integrację i 10 lat po formalnym wejściu Polski w struktury UE. Wejście Polski w struktury UE spowodowało znacznie głębsze zmiany niż się spodziewano. Dotyczą one skali i struktury handlu międzynarodowego ale przede wszystkim struktury i kierunków zmian w produkcji krajowej. Korzystną pozycję na rynku krajowym a także szerzej na rynku unijnym wypracowali producenci i przetwórcy drobiu. Rynek wołowiny jest w największym stopniu zorientowany proeksportowo i niestety koniunktura na nim jest uzależniona od warunków eksportu. Największy problem zarysował się na rynku wieprzowiny. Od ok. 2008 r. ukształtowała się na tym rynku względnie stabilna sytuacja, związana z niezbyt korzystną koniunkturą dla polskich producentów żywca. Z eksportera netto wieprzowiny Polska stała się jej dużym importerem.

Suggested Citation

  • Olszańska, Anna, 2016. "Handel zagraniczny Polski produktami mięsnymi w latach 1996-2014 – ocena tendencji na podstawie wybranych wskaźników," Problems of World Agriculture / Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, vol. 16(31), pages 1-10, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:polpwa:244348
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.244348
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