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Problemy funkcjonowania i rozwoju rodzinnych gospodarstw mlecznych w Polsce na tle uwarunkowań światowych

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  • Brodzińska, Katarzyna

Abstract

Family dairy farms have played a major role in the history of Polish agriculture. Because of this, it is important to assess the factors of their development after milk quotas were abolishment. Source material is comprised of results of the author’s own research, carried out in 2016. This involved 69 dairy farm owners from the Warmian-Masurian region. The analysis also involved statistical data on the functioning of dairy farms. The conducted analysis ranks Poland as a major producer of cow milk in the European Union (4th) and in the world (12th). Integration with the EU resulted in increased concentration of production and cow efficiency. Investments made by dairy farms in the last few years have increased their competitiveness. However, they were often financed from loans. The decrease of milk profitability, caused by not maintaining production quotas, high penalties for overproduction, as well as the necessity of paying off loan installments, have led to financial problems for many family dairy farms. / Synopsis. Rodzinne gospodarstwa mleczne odegrały znaczącą rolę w historii polskiego rolnictwa i dlatego ważne jest określenie czynników determinujących możliwości ich rozwoju po zniesieniu kwot mlecznych. Materiał badawczy stanowiły wyniki badań własnych z 2016 roku, którymi objęto 69 właścicieli gospodarstw mlecznych z województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego oraz dane statystyczne. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że Polska jest znaczącym producentem mleka krowiego w Unii Europejskiej (4) i na świecie (12). Po integracji z UE nastąpiła koncentracja produkcji i poprawa wydajności mlecznej krów. Przeprowadzone w ostatnich latach inwestycje w gospodarstwach mlecznych przyczyniły się do poprawy ich konkurencyjności, ale stanowiły duże obciążenie kredytowe. Spadek opłacalności cen mleka związany z zaprzestaniem jego kwotowania, wysokie kary za nadprodukcję i konieczność spłacania rat kredytów spowodowały problemy finansowe wielu rodzinnych gospodarstw mlecznych i zagrażają ich trwałości.

Suggested Citation

  • Brodzińska, Katarzyna, 2016. "Problemy funkcjonowania i rozwoju rodzinnych gospodarstw mlecznych w Polsce na tle uwarunkowań światowych," Problems of World Agriculture / Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, vol. 16(31), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:polpwa:244320
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.244320
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