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Zmiany na rynku nawozów mineralnych w Chinach i Indiach

Author

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  • Zalewski, Arkadiusz

Abstract

In China and India, the increasing demand for agricultural commodities in the last decade resulted in a significant increase in demand for mineral fertilizers. The article analyzed the changes that have occurred in the market of mineral fertilizers in these countries. It describes the evolution of production, foreign trade and consumption of mineral fertilizers and the share of these countries in the global market. The article uses data from the International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), which were used to calculate the basic indicators of market balance. The study showed that the growing demand for mineral fertilizers in China has caused an increase in production to a level that allowed for a complete cancellation of imports and for an allocation of surpluses for exports. In India, a similar growth rate in demand for mineral fertilizers has caused a slight increase in production, while imports had to be increased several times. This has led to a significant pressure on the global supply of mineral fertilizers and contributed to drastic price increases in 2007-2008. / Synopsis. W Chinach i Indiach wzrost zapotrzebowania na surowce rolne w ostatniej dekadzie spowodował istotne zwiększenie popytu na nawozy mineralne. W artykule przeanalizowano zmiany, jakie zaszły na rynku nawozów mineralnych w tych krajach. Opisano zmiany produkcji, handlu zagranicznego oraz zużycia nawozów mineralnych. Określono udział tych krajów w rynku światowym. Wykorzystano dane International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA) oraz United States Geological Service (USGS), które posłużyły do obliczenia podstawowych wskaźników bilansu rynkowego. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że w Chinach rosnący popyt na nawozy mineralne spowodował wzrost produkcji do poziomu, który pozwolił na całkowitą rezygnację z importu i przeznaczanie nadwyżek podaży na eksport. W Indiach, przy podobnej dynamice wzrostu popytu na nawozy mineralne, produkcja wzrosła nieznacznie, a import musiał być zwiększony kilkukrotnie. Doprowadziło to do istotnego zwiększenia presji na światową podaż nawozów mineralnych i przyczyniło się do drastycznych podwyżek cen w latach 2007-2008.

Suggested Citation

  • Zalewski, Arkadiusz, 2013. "Zmiany na rynku nawozów mineralnych w Chinach i Indiach," Problems of World Agriculture / Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, vol. 13(28), pages 1-9, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:polpwa:195263
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.195263
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