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Abstract
As the fishing fleet has been substantially reduced, Polish fishery still struggles with many issues, the most crucial of which are: unused cod fishing quotas, low profitability, obsolete and relatively uncompetitive fishing fleet, and the wasting of resources. Transferable Fishing Concessions (TFC) might be just the solution for the Polish fishery. They are one of the many mechanisms regulating the amount of fishing effort. In European fishery, TFC have been introduced on a large scale in Iceland, Denmark, Sweden and Estonia, and they proved very beneficial for the fishing industry. However, in the case of Iceland basing the TFC system on regulations which were too liberal, brought adverse consequences, such as: excessive concentration of catch, loss of partial control over the TFC, and marginalization of coastal fishery. TFC could contribute to the improvement in the situation of the Polish fishery, which is why their introduction should be taken into consideration. / Synopsis. Po znacznej redukcji floty rybackiej polskie rybołówstwo nadal boryka się z wieloma problemami. Najważniejszymi z nich są: niewykorzystany limit połowowy na dorsza, niska rentowność działalności, przestarzała i mało konkurencyjna flota rybacka oraz marnotrawienie zasobów. Zbywalne Koncesje Połowowe (ZKP) są jednym z wielu mechanizmów regulujących wielkość nakładu połowowego. W europejskim rybołówstwie na szeroką skalę ZKP wprowadziły Islandia, Dania, Szwecja oraz Estonia. Przyniosły one wiele korzyści dla ich rybołówstwa. Jednakże bardziej liberalne przepisy regulujące ZKP w rybołówstwie islandzkim doprowadziły do wielu negatywnych konsekwencji. Najważniejsze z nich to: nadmierna koncentracja połowów, utrata częściowej kontroli nad ZKP oraz marginalizacja rybołówstwa przybrzeżnego. Poprawa sytuacji polskiego rybołówstwa może nastąpić po wprowadzeniu do niego Zbywalnych Koncesji Połowowych. Warto więc rozważyć możliwość ich zastosowania.
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