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Indicadores De Desigualdade De Renda E Pobreza Na Agricultura Do Estado De Minas Gerais

Author

Listed:
  • Rocha, Luiz Eduardo Vasconcelos
  • Santos, Gilnei Costa
  • Rosado, Patrícia Lopes

Abstract

O propósito do trabalho foi analisar as mudanças na desigualdade de renda e da pobreza das pessoas com ocupação principal na agricultura do estado de Minas Gerais, entre os anos de 1991 e 2000, período em que se intensificou a modernização do setor. Para tanto, este trabalho foi desenvolvido sob dois aspectos básicos: o geográfico, ao desagregar os indicadores de pobreza e concentração de renda para as doze mesorregiões do Estado; e o sociodemográfico, ao decompô-los segundo a posição na ocupação, educação, idade, sexo e raça. Em todas as mesorregiões do Estado, foram observados decréscimo da população ocupada na agricultura e aumento da participação das pessoas sem remuneração. A concentração da renda, medida pelos índices T e L de Theil, no período, ao contrário do índice de Gini, que permaneceu praticamente estável, aumentou, influenciada pelos fatores explicativos ocupação e educação. Observou-se, em todas as mesorregiões, decréscimo da pobreza, explicado pelo ganho de eficiência do setor, viabilizando salários mais altos, mas também pela eliminação de ocupações de menor remuneração. O processo de modernização da agricultura mineira, no período, foi concentrador e excludente, ocorrendo principalmente nas áreas de fronteira agrícola, deixando um expressivo contingente de pessoas abaixo da linha de pobreza. ----- The aim of this article was to analyze the changes in income inequality and poverty of people (in the state of Minas Gerais /Brazil) whose main occupation relies on agriculture. Such study was carried out from 1991 to 2000, a period in which the modernization in agriculture took place more intensively. For this, two basic points were taken into account – geographical and socio-demographical, the first one, by separating the poverty index and income concentration in the twelve mesoregions of the state, the latter one was obtained by decomposing it into the position of occupation, education, age, gender and race. A decrease in the labor force in agriculture and an increase of unpaid people working have been observed in every mesoregion of the state. The income concentration, measured by the Gini index, remained stable during this period and the key factors to such situation, when measured by the Theil coefficient, were the position in occupation followed by education. Due to the efficiency gained in the sector, not only had a decrease in poverty, how has been observed, but also the elimination of underpaid jobs. The modernization process in the agriculture of Minas Gerais, in that period, which took place mainly in agriculture borders, was both concentrating and eliminating, a fact that leads to a significant portion of the population below the poverty line.

Suggested Citation

  • Rocha, Luiz Eduardo Vasconcelos & Santos, Gilnei Costa & Rosado, Patrícia Lopes, 2013. "Indicadores De Desigualdade De Renda E Pobreza Na Agricultura Do Estado De Minas Gerais," Organizações Rurais e Agroindustriais/Rural and Agro-Industrial Organizations, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Administracao e Economia, vol. 15(3), December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:orarao:262713
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.262713
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