China’s Import Declines Reflect Broader Demand Weakness

The July 2025 issue of the NDSU Agricultural Trade Monitor explores the sharp contraction in China’s agricultural imports, which are down 18% year-to-date, the steepest decline among major markets. While past reductions were attributed to U.S.–China trade tensions, current declines suggest broader demand weakness. U.S. agricultural exports to China fell by $6.1 billion YTD, contributing to a net decline of $1.95 billion in total U.S. agricultural exports. China's pullback has also affected Brazil, Argentina, and Ukraine, signaling structural shifts in global demand. Meanwhile, U.S. exports to other regions like the EU and South Korea showed resilience. Grain imports into China, especially wheat, corn, and coarse grains, have collapsed, while demand for products like soybean meal, ethanol, and corn remains strong elsewhere. The report highlights shifting global trade patterns, diverging import growth rates, and growing challenges for China-dependent U.S. exporters.