AAssessment of Farm Resources Use by Small Scale Farmers for Cocoa Production in Boki Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria

This study analysed farm resources use by cocoa farmers for cocoa production in Boki Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. Given the importance of farm resources in cocoa sector, there has been limited research on how small scale farmers in Boki LGA utilise these farm inputs for cocoa production. This study assessed this gap with a view to determine the resources that influence cocoa production in the area. The socioeconomic characteristics of the cocoa farmers were described, farm resources such as farm size, labour, cocoa seedlings, farm capital, farm credit and other farm constraints affecting cocoa output in the area were investigated. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 125 small-scale cocoa farmers for the study. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and Likert-type scale ratings. The study revealed a predominantly maledominated cocoa farming sector (72.8%), reflecting cultural norms and the physical demands of the production process. The majority of farmers (65.6%) were married, highlighting their reliance on household labour. Educationally, 64% attended higher education institutions, facilitating the adoption of advanced farming techniques. The average experience of the farmers was 17 years, with 33.6% having more than 20 years of cocoa farming experience. Regression analysis showed that farm size, farm capital, and cocoa seedlings positively affected cocoa output, whereas labour and farm credit negatively affected production, suggesting inefficiencies in labour utilization and lack of credit use. The key constraints identified were inadequate improved cocoa varieties, inadequate storage facilities, and high input costs. The study concluded that the effective management of farm productive resources was crucial for enhancing cocoa productivity. The study recommended many more female participation in cocoa farming, strengthening cooperatives activities, investing in improved cocoa varieties and storage facilities and expanding extension services to help improve the productivity and sustainability of cocoa farming in the region.