A fenntartható bioüzemanyag-termelés lehetőségei Magyarországon a BIKE projekt eredményei alapján

The European Union treats the increase in renewable energy production as a strategic goal, the importance of which is further strengthened by the energy market crisis arising from the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian war in addition to climate policy objectives. In the case of plant-based biofuels, the EU has recognized that the increase in the production of plant biomass for energy purposes may threaten food security and increase greenhouse gas emissions. In order to mitigate these risks, the EU strives to create an appropriate regulatory environment and supports research projects seeking practical solutions. One way to meet the additional demand for biofuel feedstock could be the production of biomass feedstock with a low indirect land-use change risk. The research carried out in the BIKE project focused on the identification of potential target areas for energy crop production (including the examination of processing capacity), on the one hand, and on the range of crops that can be grown and the possibilities for increasing yields. In the RED II Directive and its implementing regulation, the EU requires the increasing use of advanced biofuels in transport, and in the case of conventional biofuels, it prefers the use of feedstocks classified as low-risk in terms of indirect land-use change. It also defines for producers the production and other economic conditions that ensure low-risk and sustainable feedstock production. According to the EU's market intervention logic, through these regulations, market participants will be willing to pay a "market premium" to farmers for producing biofuel feedstocks of the required quantity and quality in a sustainable manner. Achieving the EU's strategic goals will fundamentally depend on how the emerging regulatory environment can be effectively translated into business practice.