Fenntarthatóság, felelőségvállalás, tőkepiaci értékítélet

The international initiatives of the past two decades and the international and national regulations, incentives and actual actions that can be traced back to them have shown significant progress in ensuring the survival of the earth and, with it, humanity, but there is still a lag and delay in the implementation of several sub-goals. The achievement of the primarily global climate, but also sustainability and social goals set for 2030 faces many obstacles, since the production and service processes that have developed over several decades do not represent the appropriate practice in this regard. Changing these, i.e. the transition, is not only a matter of intention, but also the interests of the owner, manager and consumer sides must be satisfied, and the goals must be approached in proportion to time by using the resources thus harmonized. Responsible thinking alone is not enough motivation on the part of those concerned, as transition-related activities also need to be financed, and investors expect effective returns. The aim of this study is to present the characteristics, types and areas of use of these financing sources based on the data published until 2023, highlighting international and domestic trends and forward-looking cooperation in this regard. On a business basis, financing green investments proves to be the financing that predicts the most favorable return, and the role of social responsibility is also increasingly asserted, but investments in these are riskier despite their support. Hungary is a leader in terms of sustainability efforts in the environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) areas, performing well compared to the European Union average, but investments serving this purpose are still very low compared to all investments, both in value (1.6%) and in the number of securities (5.2%). Developing sustainability is in the interest of all humanity, and the role of wealthy investors is essential in its implementation, and governments need to support the return on ESG-type investments.