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Analisis de convergencia en productividad agraria en las regiones europeas

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  • Valero, Juan Sebastian Castillo
  • Cuerva Narro, Maria Carmen

Abstract

RESUMEN - En este artículo se estudia la convergencia regional desde un punto de vista sectorial, centrada en el sector agrario. En el desarrollo del mismo se hace eco de la relevancia del sector agrario para una explicación histórica de las desigualdades territoriales en la Unión Europea y se analiza la evolución de la desigualdad y la convergencia de las agriculturas en las regiones europeas durante el periodo 1985-1997 a través del valor añadido agrario por ocupado. La existencia de un proceso de convergencia a niveles absolutos entre las economías regionales agrarias es un hecho constatado en el análisis. Sin embargo, las peculiaridades específicas de cada territorio hacen que no podamos hablar de una posición de equilibrio común, sino que las limitaciones estructurales llevan a la existencia de distintos estados estacionarios y, por tanto, de clubes de convergencia y a la presencia de fenómenos centro-s-periferia. En las variables que actúan sobre el proceso, destaca la incidencia de la PAC, como actuación pública sectorial, que se deriva del distinto apoyo de esta política a productos mediterráneos y continentales. En el análisis, la variable capital físico, infraestructuras en general y la acumulación de capital, se perfilan como la fuente primaria de convergencia, lo que permite inferir la presencia de convergencia 'neoclásica' por la existencia de rendimientos decrecientes y el 'empuje' de la inversión pública, en nítido efecto territorial de la actuación pública, a diferencia de la incidencia sectorial de la PAC. Palabras claves: Convergencia, Productividad agraria, Política Agraria Común, regiones europeas SUMMARY - In this paper, we intend to analyze the regional convergence of the agricultural sector in Europe. More specifically, we want to show the relevance of the agricultural sector in explaining territorial inequalities within the European Union. For that purpose, we will analyze the evolution of inequality and convergence in European agriculture by using data on Gross Value Added per employee in the period spanning from 1985 to 1997. Empirical results provide evidence of the existence of absolute convergence among regional agricultural sectors. However, we have found empirical evidence of the existence of several stationary states due to the specific peculiarities of each economy. This result can be interpreted in terms of the existence of convergence clubs and center-periphery models. Moreover, we show that the CAP is a relevant variable in explaining convergence through the protection of Mediterranean and Continental products. We have found that physical capital and infrastructure, as well as accumulation of capital, are the primary sources of convergence. This result is compatible with a neoclassical model in which convergence is due to decreasing returns of physical capital, whilst also showing the importance of the territorial dimension of public investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Valero, Juan Sebastian Castillo & Cuerva Narro, Maria Carmen, 2005. "Analisis de convergencia en productividad agraria en las regiones europeas," Economia Agraria y Recursos Naturales, Spanish Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 5(10), pages 1-17.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:earnsa:28792
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.28792
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    Keywords

    Productivity Analysis;

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