Discussion on the Soil and Water Conservation Model in Mountain Photovoltaic Power Generation Project

In the context of rising global energy demand and increasing awareness of environmental protection, photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable form of energy, has become increasingly important and has received widespread attention and application worldwide. However, during the construction and operation of mountain photovoltaic power generation projects, water and soil erosion has become a major challenge, which not only restricts the sustainable development process of the project, but also has a significant negative impact on the local ecological environment. This article deeply analyzes the multiple causes, extensive impacts and effective prevention and control strategies of water and soil erosion in mountain photovoltaic power generation projects. The results show that rainfall intensity, terrain slope, soil type and vegetation coverage are the four key factors leading to soil erosion. Soil erosion not only causes a sharp decline in soil fertility, but also aggravates the problem of sediment deposition in rivers and reservoirs, and poses a direct threat to the stability and operating efficiency of photovoltaic equipment. In order to deal with the above problems, this paper innovatively puts forward a series of soil and water conservation technologies, covering multiple dimensions such as engineering measures, plant measures, farming measures and temporary measures, and deeply discusses the application models and management strategies of these measures in key stages such as planning and design, construction, operation and maintenance. Through specific case analysis, the successful practical experience of soil and water conservation is refined and summarized, and the key role of community cooperation, technical support and modern monitoring technology in preventing and controlling soil and water erosion is further emphasized. This article aims to achieve a win-win situation of ecological environment protection and energy development and utilization through scientific planning and effective governance, and contribute to the construction of a green, low-carbon, and sustainable energy system.