Farmers’ Knowledge of Inter Annual Rainfall Variability and Adaptation Strategies in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

The study investigated farmers’ knowledge of inter annual rainfall variability and adaptation methods used in Nasarawa State. The questionnaire was used to generate data on four sections bothering on the socio-economic background of farmers, farming practices, knowledge of inter annual rainfall variability and adaptation strategies. A Multistage random selection technique was used to distribute the questionnaire across the state. The study adopted the agricultural zones as used by Nasarawa Agricultural Development Program (N.A.D.P) which are South, West and North. The first stage of the picked two Local Government Areas from each of the agricultural zones, then the second stage was to divide each zone into three making a total of 18 units. Each of the zones was further divided into two extension units making a total of 36 units. Ten questionnaires were shared in the 36 units with the help of extension workers making a total of 360 units. The result shows that 53% of the farmers are not aware of inter annual rainfall variability while about 47% of the farmers are aware. Extension workers are the highest source of information amongst respondents with 55%. A large percentage of respondents (84%) noted that they have tried adaptation and it has led to higher yield. Changing in planting date is the most common adaptation used by the farmers (49%) while 55% of the farmers affirm that, lack of awareness is the greatest constraint to adaption.