Research on the Measurement of Common Prosperity in Rural Hainan Province

Based on the superimposed background of Hainan free trade port construction and Rural Revitalization Strategy, taking the panel data of 18 cities and counties in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2024 as samples, relying on the regional characteristics of tropical islands and the policy endowment of free trade port, this paper constructs a four-dimensional evaluation index system, and uses the global principal component analysis to systematically measure the comprehensive development level of rural common prosperity. Using the spatial autocorrelation model, Theil index and other tools to analyze regional development differences and spatial agglomeration characteristics, and using spatial lag model to empirically test the spatial correlation effect of various factors. The results show that the overall level of rural common prosperity in Hainan province continues to rise, and the characteristics of regional spatial differentiation are significant. The spatial-temporal pattern of Eastern agglomeration, western slow growth, and central ecological constraints has long been formed; There is a significant positive spatial agglomeration effect in the common prosperity of cities and counties, and urbanization, human capital, agricultural technology innovation, and other factors show a significant positive correlation. This study quantitatively identifies the development weaknesses and advantages of rural common prosperity in Hainan, enriches the theoretical system of rural common prosperity in tropical island regions, provides a scientific basis for the balanced development of urban and rural areas and regional collaborative governance in the background of a free trade port, and also offers a reference for promoting common prosperity in similar tropical regions in China.