Classroom management practices and students' performance: A causal perspective of secondary level students

Classroom management practices are very crucial for students' performance. The study aimed to find causal perspectives of classroom management practices and its impact on students' performance. All secondary school teachers were the population of the study. Multistage simple random sampling technique was used to set the sample size of the study. Six districts from the whole of Punjab were randomly selected at the first stage. At the second stage, 120 high schools were selected randomly and then four teachers were selected from each selected school to make the total of 480 teachers for the sample. Two self-developed questionnaires were used to collect the information from the teachers. The reliability of the questionnaires was so encouraging as classroom management practices was 0.87, and students' performance was 0.89. The t-test, ANOVA and regression were applied as inferential statistics techniques. According to the study results, it was found that classroom management practices were seen as having a high impact on students' performance at the secondary school level. So, it is recommended that teachers must establish effective management practices in classrooms during teaching sessions to enhance the best performance of students.